Associated People (21) |
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The dates listed below have different categories as denoted by the letters in the brackets following each date. Here is a key to explain those letter codes:
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1715 [SY] - → Other
Peter Beckford purchased 1,000 acres of land from the Drax Hall Estate from Charles Drax. This began the interest of the Beckford family in the estate. |
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1771 [SY] - 1821 [EY] → Owner
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- 1762 [EY] → Owner
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1669 [SY] - 1691 [EY] → Owner
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1691 [SY] - 1721 [EY] → Owner
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1762 [SY] - 1770 [EY] → Owner
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1734 [EA] - → Owner
Samuel Reynolds of Drax Hall in his will made in 1734 and proved in 1737 laid claim to ownership of all the personal and real estate of Colonel Drax. His ownership or management appears to have been contested in E 134/5Geo2/Trin10 |
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1752 [EA] - 1752 [LA] → Previous owner
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1817 [EA] - 1820 [LA] → Attorney
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1820 [EA] - → Attorney
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1821 [EA] - 1833 [LA] → Owner
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1835 [EA] - → Annuitant
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1835 [EA] - → Trust beneficiary
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1835 [EA] - → Trust beneficiary
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1835 [EA] - → Trust beneficiary
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1835 [EA] - → Trust beneficiary
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1835 [EA] - → Trust beneficiary
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1835 [EA] - → Trust beneficiary
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1835 [EA] - → Trust beneficiary
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1835 [EA] - → Executor
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1835 [EA] - → Executor
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Associated Claims (1) |
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£7,166 4S 5D
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Notes |
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In 1757 sugar production was 126 tons and rum 31 puncheons but by 1832 that had increased to 300 tons and 140 puncheons. In 1832 there were 275 enslaved people working at Drax Hall. As a coastal estate Drax Hall also produced pimento as a secondary crop. The increased productivity over the period was in part a result of improvement to the mill. There were several wind mills on the estate as well as a cattle mill. By the end of the eighteenth century a new water mill increased efficiency and is visible on the Robertson map of 1804. This was positioned in the centre of Drax Hall cane fields. The water was channeled from St. Ann Great River. The overseer's house was called Guildhall and was located towards the coast to the far side of the works - this building was plotted on the 1851 plan of the estate. The 'negro grounds' were located in the same place in both the 1758 and 1851 plans - on the hilly margins of the estate, close to the provision grounds. The Sewell family later purchased Drax Hall Estate and today the property is in the hands of Drax Hall Limited, a subsidiary of the Gulf and Western Corporation. |
Sources |
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B. W. Higman, Jamaica surveyed: plantation maps and plans of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Kingston, Institute of Jamaica Publications, 1988), pp.99-102 Douglas V. Armstrong, 'An Afro-Jamaican Slave Settlement: Archaeological Investigations at Drax Hall,, in Thomas A. Singleton, The Archaeology of Slavery and Plantation Life (Orlando Academic Press, 1985), pp.261-87 http://www.jnht.com/site_drax_hall_waterwheel.php |
Estate Information (71) |
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1669
Estate founded by William Drax.
B. W. Higman, Jamaica surveyed: plantation maps and plans of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Kingston, Institute of Jamaica Publications, 1988), p.99
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1691
Estate passed into the hands of Charles Drax.
B. W. Higman, Jamaica surveyed: plantation maps and plans of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Kingston, Institute of Jamaica Publications, 1988), p.99
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1713
Sale of 400 acres of land from the estate to Dr. Thomas Price.
B. W. Higman, Jamaica surveyed: plantation maps and plans of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Kingston, Institute of Jamaica Publications, 1988), p.99
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1715
Sale of 1000 acres of land from the estate to Peter Beckford (1674-1735).
B. W. Higman, Jamaica surveyed: plantation maps and plans of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Kingston, Institute of Jamaica Publications, 1988), p.99
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1752
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar, rum, molasses, cotton wool and pimento Estate late of William Barnett Esq. deceased now under the direction of Dr. Rogers Davies one of the executors to the said William Barnett Esq. deceased. Account filed by Nathaniel Butler.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/2 150
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1753
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar, rum, molasses, cotton and pimento Account filed by John Smith, planter.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/2 173
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1754
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Size] 4000 Drax Hall Estate was listed in the Jamaican Quit Rent books for 1754 as 4000 acres of land in St Ann (no owner's name given).
'A List of landholders in the Island of Jamaica together with the number of acres each person possessed taken from the quit rent books in the year 1754', TNA CO 142/31 transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Samples2/1754lead.htm.
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1758
[Size] 3400
Drax Hall Estate was surveyed by George Wilson in 1758 and Wilson's plan indicated the estate covered 3,400 acres. Higman points out that this included the 600 acres sold to Thomas Price and Bartholomew Douce.
B. W. Higman, Jamaica surveyed: plantation maps and plans of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Kingston, Institute of Jamaica Publications, 1988), p.100
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1761
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum Account filed by William Bolt bookeeper. Estate under the care and direction of Richard Lewing and Robert Mason.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/4 21
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1762
Sale of the remainder of Drax Hall Estate to William Beckford (1709-1770).
B. W. Higman, Jamaica surveyed: plantation maps and plans of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Kingston, Institute of Jamaica Publications, 1988), p.100
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1762
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum Account filed by William Bolt bookeeper. Estate under the care and direction of Richard Lewing and Robert Mason.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/4 21
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1763
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum Account filed by William Bolt bookeeper. Estate under the care and direction of Richard Lewing and Robert Mason.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/4 21
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1767
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum Belonging to William Beckford Esq. of the Kingdom of Great Britain. Account filed by Simon Atkinson as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/5 182
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1768
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum Belonging to William Beckford Esq. of the Kingdom of Great Britain. Account filed by Simon Atkinson as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/5 182
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1769
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum Belonging to William Beckford Esq. of the Kingdom of Great Britain. Account filed by Simon Atkinson as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/5 184
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1770
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar, rum and pimento Belonging to the heirs of William Beckford Esq. of the Kingdom of Great Britain. Account filed by Simon Atkinson as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/6 18
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1771
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar, rum and pimento Now in possession and under the care and dircetion of John Gordon Esq.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/6 174
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1772
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar, rum and pimento Now in possession and under the care and dircetion of John Gordon Esq. Account filed by John McDonald as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/7 17
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1773
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar, rum and pimento Now in possession and under the care and dircetion of George Gordon Esq. Account filed by John McDonald as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/7 62
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1774
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar, rum and pimento Now in possession and under the care and dircetion of George Gordon Esq. Account filed by John McDonald as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/7 215
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1775
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum Belonging to the heirs of William Beckford Esq. deceased. Account filed by John Macdonald as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/8 17
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1778
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum The property of the heirs of William Beckford Esq. deceased. Account filed by William Murdock as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/9 102
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1779
[Number of enslaved people] 339(Tot)
Perry Gauci, William Beckford First Prime Minister of the London Empire (Yale University Press, 2013), p.148
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1779
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum The property of the heirs of William Beckford Esq. deceased. Account filed by Joseph Tulloch as book keeper.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/9 105
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1780
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum The property of the heirs of William Beckford Esq. deceased. Account filed by Joseph Tulloch as book keeper.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/9 109
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1781
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar and rum The property of the heirs of William Beckford Esq. deceased. Account filed by Joseph Tulloch as book keeper.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/9 110
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1782
[Name] Draxhall
[Crop] sugar, rum Account filed by Robert Tulloh as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/16 165 f.83
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1784
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum Property of William Beckford Esq; account filed by Robert Tulloch,overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/12 162
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1785
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] pimento, sugar Account filed by Gilbert Mackleraith, bookkeeper.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/12 59
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1786
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum, pimento Account filed by Patrick Hall, overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/12 147
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1786
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum, pimento In the possession of William Beckford Esq; account filed by Patrick Grant as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/13 176
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1787
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar, rum Account filed by Gilbert Mackleraith of the parish of St Ann.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/15 37-38
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1788
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum, pimento, cattle Account filed by Gilbert Mackleraith of St Ann.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/17 96-97
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1789
[Name] Draxhall
[Crop] sugar, rum Account filed by Gilbert Mackleraith.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/16 249 f.126
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1790
[Name] Draxhall
[Crop] sugar, rum Account filed by Gilbert Mackleraith.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/17 240
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1791
[Name] Draxhall
[Crop] sugar, rum Account filed by George Grant.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/18 148-149
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1792
[Number of enslaved people] 235(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall [Stock] 133 Owned by William Beckford.
'A list of slaves and stock in the parish of St Ann taken the 28th March 1792 pursuant to order of the Honourable House of Assembly', Edward Long Papers, Add. 12435, transcribed at htt
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1792
[Name] Draxhall
[Crop] sugar Account filed by James McDonald.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/19 223 [f.112]
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1793
[Name] Draxhall
[Crop] sugar, rum Account filed by James MacDonald.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/20 52
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1794
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum Account filed by William Haldane as overseer for the year ending 31/12/1794.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/21 53
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1796
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum Belonging to William Beckford Esq. Account filed by James Armstrong.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/23
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1797
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum Property of William Beckford Esq under the direction of William Walker and Thomas Murphy Esq. Account filed by William Dorrell Williams as overseer for the period 31/12/1796 to 31/12/1797.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/24 39
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1798
[Name] Draxhall
[Crop] Sugar Plotted in St Ann as a sugar estate with a watermill in James Robertson's 1804 map of Jamaica.
To the King's most excellent Majesty, this map of the island of Jamaica, constructed from actual surveys. . . (London, J. Robertson, 1804), based on Robertson's survey of the county of Middlesex which he compeleted in 1798.
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1798
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar and rum Account filed by John Irving Carlyle overseerThe Property of William Beckford under the direction of the Honourable James Wildman.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/25 46
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1799
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum Account filed by Robert Hoseason for the period 31/12/1798 to 31/12/1799.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/26 106
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1800
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum Property of William Beckford Esq. Account filed by Robert Hoseason as overseer for the period 31/12/1799 to 31/12/1800.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/27 129
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1801
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar and rum The property of William Beckford Esq. Account filed by Robert Hoseason as overseer Accounts filed for 1800-1801.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/29 113
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1803
[Name] Drax Hall Estate
[Crop] sugar, rum Property of William Beckford Esq. Account filed by Robert Hoseason as overseer for the period 31/12/1802 to 31/12/1803.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/31 155-156
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1806
[Name] Draxhall
[Crop] sugar, rum and logwood Belonging to William Beckford Esq. Account filed by James Watson as overseer.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/37 14-15
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1807
[Name] Drax Hall
[Crop] sugar, rum and logwood Property of William Beckford Esq. Account presented by Charles Crooke. Filed for 1807/1805 ?? Both years stated.
Accounts Produce, Jamaica Archives 1B/11/4/37 231-232
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1809
[Number of enslaved people] 418(Tot)
[Name] Draxhall and Fonthill [Stock] 336 Registered to William Beckford.
Jamaica Almanac (1811) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/AL11Ann.htm. The 1811 Almanac was based on the givings-in of the March Quarter 1809, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1811
[Number of enslaved people] 342(Tot)
[Name] Draxhall etc. [Stock] 294 Registered to William Beckford. Assumed to include Fonthill.
Jamaica Almanac (1812) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/a1812mar.htm. The almanac was based on the givings-in of the March Quarter 1810, hence the earlier transcription date.
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1815
[Number of enslaved people] 377(Tot)
[Name] Draxhall and Fonthill [Stock] [illegible] Registered to William Beckford.
Jamaica Almanac (1816) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/AL15ann.htm. The 1816 almanac was based on the givings-in of the March Quarter 1815, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1816
[Number of enslaved people] 359(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall and Fonthill [Stock] 295 Registered to William Beckford.
Jamaica Almanac (1817) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/a1817_02.htm. The 1817 almanac was based on the givings-in of the March Quarter 1816, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1817
[Number of enslaved people] 345(Tot) 167(F) 178(M)
[Name] [no name given] In the possession of Alexander Kidston and Isaac Higgin as attorneys to William Beckford Esq.
T 71/43 110-119
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1817
[Number of enslaved people] 346(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall and Fonthill [Stock] 255 Registered to William Beckford.
Jamaica Almanac (1818) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/1818al06.htm. The 1818 almanac was based on the givings-in of the March Quarter 1817, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1819
[Number of enslaved people] 327(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall and Fonthill [Stock] 303 Registered to William Beckford.
Jamaica Almanac (1820) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/Al20p07.htm. The 1820 Almanac was based on the givings-in of the previous March Quarter, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1820
[Number of enslaved people] 313(Tot) 150(F) 163(M)
[Name] [no name given] In the possession of Isaac Higgin as attorney to William Beckford, owner of Drax Hall Estate [births 10, deaths 40, manumised 1, condemned to the workhouse 1].
T 71/44 45-47
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1820
[Number of enslaved people] 317(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall and Fonthill [Stock] 294 Registered to William Beckford.
Jamaica Almanac (1821) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/al1821_05.htm. The almanac was based on the givings-in of the previous March Quarter, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1821
[Name] Drax Hall
William Thomas Beckford sold Drax Hall and Harborhead "for a total of £62,000 to partially offset a debt estimated at £125,000 on Fonthill Abbey."
Douglas V. Armstrong, The Old Village and the Great House: An Archaeological and Historical Examination of Drax Hall Plantation, St Ann's Bay, Jamaica (Chicago, Illinois, 1990) p. 29.
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1823
[Number of enslaved people] 290(Tot) 179(F) 151(M)
[Name] [no name given] In the possession of John Pink as owner [37 deaths and 14 births].
T 71/45 635-645
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1824
[Number of enslaved people] 291(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall [Stock] 215 Registered to John Pink.
Jamaica Almanac (1825) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/a1825_05.htm. The almanac was based on the givings-in of the previous March Quarter, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1825
[Number of enslaved people] 290(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall [Stock] 197 Registered to John Pink.
Jamaica Alamanc (1826) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/1826al07.htm. The almanac was based on the givings-in of the previous March Quarter, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1826
[Number of enslaved people] 284(Tot) 130(F) 154(M)
[Name] [no name given] In the possession of John Pink as owner [14 births, 31 deaths, 11 enslaved people removed from Sunbury].
T 71/46 668-671
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1827
[Number of enslaved people] 277(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall [Stock] 21 Registered to John Pink.
Jamaica Almanac (1828) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/1828al08.htm. The almanac was based on the givings-in of the previous March Quarter, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1828
[Number of enslaved people] 275(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall [Stock] 19 Registered to John Pink.
Jamaica Almanac (1829) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/al29ann.htm. The almanac was based on the givings-in of the previous March Quarter, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1829
[Number of enslaved people] 270(Tot) 124(F) 146(M)
[Name] [no name given] In the possession of John Pink as owner [12 births and 22 deaths].
T 71/48 [unpaginated]
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1830
[Number of enslaved people] 273(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall [Stock] 13 Registered to John Pink.
Jamaica Almanac (1831) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/1831ann.htm. The almanac was based on the givings-in of the previous March Quarter, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1831
[Number of enslaved people] 274(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall [Stock] 10 Registered to John Pink.
Jamaica Almanac (1832) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/al32ann.htm. The almanac was based on the givings-in of the previous March Quarter, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1832
[Number of enslaved people] 274(Tot)
[Name] Drax Hall [Stock] 10 Registered to John Pink.
Jamaica Almanac (1833) transcribed at http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/AL33Ann.htm. The almanac was based on the givings-in of the previous March Quarter, hence the earlier evolution date.
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1832
[Number of enslaved people] 275(Tot) 127(F) 148(M)
[Name] [no name given] In the possession of John Pink as owner.
T 71/50 583
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1805 - 22nd Apr 1887
Born into slavery in Carriacou, Grenada, Malvina Wells became a lady's maid in Edinburgh and a trusted family friend to her employers.
Document comprises 4 parts, written recto and verso across 5 folios: 1. An inventory and valuation of enslaved persons at Windsor Estate, St Elizabeth parish, Jamaica, 1814. 2. An inventory and valuation of enslaved persons at Williamsfield settlement, St Elisabeth parish, Jamaica, 1814. 3. An inventory of animals at Windsor Estate, St Elizabeth parish, Jamaica, 1814. 4. A cover note outlining the contents of the document.
© Copyright Legacies of British Slavery - UCL Department of History 2024
CITING THIS RECORD:
'Drax Hall Estate [ Jamaica | St Ann ]', Legacies of British Slavery database, http://wwwdepts-live.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/estate/view/2333 [accessed 25th November 2024].
